SDG Goal wise programs of India (SDG 7) – Part 22

SDG Goal wise programs of India (SDG 7) – Part 22

(இதன் தமிழ் வடிவத்திற்கு இங்கே சொடுக்கவும்)

Rooftop Solar Programme

Launched Year:

• 2014.

Ministry or Nodal Agency:

• Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE).

Objectives:

• To promote grid-connected rooftop solar systems for residential buildings.
• To reduce dependency on fossil fuels and promote environmentally friendly solar electricity generation.
• To create an enabling environment for private investment and collaboration in the solar energy sector.
• To provide power to remote areas not connected to the main grid, enhancing energy access and resilience.

Beneficiaries:

• Residential consumers.
• State governments and private sector participants.
• Power distribution companies (DISCOMs) that facilitate installation and connections.

Eligibility Criteria:

• Residential buildings and other establishments such as communities, institutions, and businesses, provided they have the necessary space and infrastructure to install rooftop solar panels.
• Individuals must adhere to the eligibility criteria prescribed by their local DISCOMs or the National Portal.

Benefits:

• Subsidies provided by the Ministry for installation: 40% subsidy for systems up to 3 kW, and 20% for systems between 3 kW to 10 kW.
• Reduction in electricity bills through self-generated solar power.
• Income from excess power fed into the grid through net metering.
• Energy independence and a reduction in reliance on centralized power grids.
• Economic advantages, such as job creation in the solar industry.

Additional Information:

• Initially aimed at achieving 40 GW of rooftop solar capacity by 2022, the target was extended to 2026.
• The scheme is implemented through state nodal agencies and DISCOMs.
• Notable performing states include Gujarat, Maharashtra, and Rajasthan, while Uttar Pradesh and Bihar are underperforming.
• Rooftop solar contributes to the sustainable development and helps India meet its global commitments, such as the pledge made at COP26 to achieve 500 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2030.

Key Additional Solar Energy Schemes in India

Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan (PM-KUSUM)

Launched Year:

• 2019.

Ministry or Nodal Agency:

• Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE).

Objectives:

• To promote grid-connected renewable energy power plants and solar water pumps.
• To increase solar power generation capacity in agriculture.

Beneficiaries:

• Farmers and agricultural sectors.

Eligibility Criteria:

• Farmers owning agricultural land.

Benefits:

• Solar power for irrigation, reducing dependency on grid electricity.
• Income generation through the sale of surplus solar power.

Scheme for Development of Ultra Mega Renewable Energy Power Parks

Launched Year:

• 2014.

Ministry or Nodal Agency:

• Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE).

Objectives:

• To develop large-scale renewable energy parks to boost renewable capacity.

Beneficiaries:

• Power developers and energy consumers.

Eligibility Criteria:

• Power generation entities.

Benefits:

• Large-scale renewable energy generation.
• Energy security and reduced transmission costs.

National Wind-Solar Hybrid Policy

Launched Year:

• 2018.

Ministry or Nodal Agency:

• Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE).

Objectives:

• To promote wind-solar hybrid systems.
• To optimize the use of land, resources, and transmission infrastructure.

Beneficiaries:

• Renewable energy developers.

Eligibility Criteria:

• Developers with technical and financial capabilities to set up hybrid systems.

Benefits:

• Efficient renewable power generation.
• Reduced variability in power generation, contributing to grid stability.

Atal Jyoti Yojana (AJAY)

Launched Year:

• 2016.

Ministry or Nodal Agency:

• Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.

Objectives:

• To install solar street lights in areas with low grid access.

Beneficiaries:

• Local governments and communities in underserved areas.

Eligibility Criteria:

• Local bodies or communities in rural areas without access to grid electricity.

Benefits:

• Improved lighting and safety in rural and off-grid areas.
• Promotion of solar energy in underserved areas.

International Solar Alliance (ISA)

Launched Year:

• 2015.

Ministry or Nodal Agency:

• Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE).

Objectives:

• To promote solar energy and facilitate cooperation between solar-rich countries.
• To mobilize resources for solar projects across the world.

Beneficiaries:

• Solar-rich countries and international solar energy developers.

Eligibility Criteria:

• Countries located between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn.

Benefits:

• Global collaboration in solar energy development.
• Sharing of best practices and technologies in solar energy.

One Sun, One World, One Grid (OSOWOG)

Launched Year:

• 2021.

Ministry or Nodal Agency:

• Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.

Objectives:

• To establish a global interconnected solar power network.

Beneficiaries:

• Solar energy users across the world.

Eligibility Criteria:

• Countries willing to connect to the global solar grid.

Benefits:

• Global sharing of solar energy resources, reducing costs and increasing energy security.

Suryamitra Skill Development Programme

Launched Year:

• 2015.

Ministry or Nodal Agency:

• Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE).

Objectives:

• To train rural youth in solar energy-related skills, including installation and maintenance.

Beneficiaries:

• Rural youth and workers in the solar energy sector.

Eligibility Criteria:

• Youth in rural areas with an interest in solar energy.

Benefits:

• Skill development in the growing solar sector.
• Increased employment opportunities in renewable energy fields.

Pradhan Mantri Suryodaya Yojana

Launched Year:

• 2024.

Ministry or Nodal Agency:

• Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE).

Objectives:

• To install rooftop solar systems in 1 crore households.

Beneficiaries:

• Residential households across India.

Eligibility Criteria:

• Homeowners with roof space for solar panels.

Benefits:

• Direct electricity generation.
• Financial assistance for installation.

Green Energy Corridor (GEC)

Launched Year:

• Phase 1: 2015-16.
• Phase 2: Announced in January 2022, ongoing until 2025-26.

Ministry or Nodal Agency:

• Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (POWERGRID).
• State Transmission Utilities (STUs) for intra-state transmission.

Objectives:

• Grid Integration: To integrate renewable energy (mainly solar and wind) with conventional power stations in India's grid.
• Energy Evacuation: Facilitate the evacuation of renewable energy from renewable-rich states to energy-deficient regions.
• Promote Renewable Energy: Achieve a target of 500 GW of installed non-fossil fuel capacity by 2030, including renewable energy sources.
• Grid Capacity Enhancement: Improve grid management systems, capacity, and ensure stable and reliable power transmission.
• Increase Efficiency: Enhance the efficiency of the national power grid to accommodate intermittent and variable renewable energy sources.

Beneficiaries:

• Renewable Energy Developers: Ensures integration and evacuation of generated renewable energy.
• Consumers in Energy-Deficient Regions: Provides consistent 24x7 electricity by transferring surplus renewable energy from renewable-rich to energy-deficient areas.
• States with Renewable Energy Potential: States like Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan, etc., benefit from the infrastructure for energy evacuation.
• Environment: Contributes to reducing carbon emissions by promoting clean energy.

Eligibility Criteria:

• States with substantial renewable energy generation potential (e.g., Gujarat, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh).
• Areas facing energy deficits benefit from the energy transmitted through the green energy corridor.

Benefits:

• Sustainable Growth: Reduces carbon emissions and promotes the use of clean and renewable energy.
• Energy Security: Enhances energy security by ensuring a reliable and balanced energy supply across India.
• Employment Generation: Creates job opportunities in the construction, installation, and maintenance of infrastructure.
• Efficient Power Transmission: Facilitates the use of advanced transmission technologies like HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) for better efficiency.
• Climate Change Mitigation: Contributes to India’s climate commitments by reducing dependence on fossil fuels and promoting renewable energy integration.
• Economic Growth: Stimulates the growth of the renewable energy sector, creating a favourable investment environment.

Additional Information:

Project Cost:

• Phase 1: ₹10,041 crores (Central Government: 40%, State Equity: 20%, KfW loan (Germany): 40%).

• Phase 2: ₹12,000 crores (Central Government: 33%).

Transmission Network:

• Phase 1: 9,700 km transmission lines and substations capable of handling 22,600 MVA to evacuate 24 GW.
• Phase 2: 10,500 km transmission lines and substations capable of handling 27.5 GVA for evacuating 20 GW.

• Advanced Technologies: Uses HVDC lines and smart grid technologies to enhance grid integration and stability.
• Energy Deficient Regions: Energy-starved states like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Jharkhand benefit from the surplus renewable energy transmitted through the green corridors.

Phases of Green Energy Corridor:

• Phase 1 (2015-2022):
• Target: Evacuate 24 GW of renewable energy from states like Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan, Karnataka, etc.
• Completion: Initially set for 2020, extended to 2022 due to COVID-19 delays.
• Phase 2 (2021-2026):
• Target: Evacuate 20 GW of renewable energy from seven states (Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, and Uttar Pradesh).

• Key Feature: Continues the work started in Phase 1, with enhanced grid capacity and expanded transmission lines.

Significance:

• Energy Security: Ensures long-term energy security for India, meeting the growing energy demand.
• Reduction in Fossil Fuel Dependency: Helps phase out old, polluting fossil fuel power plants, reducing air pollution.
• Global Leadership in Renewables: Positions India as a leader in renewable energy generation, with a targeted 450 GW of installed renewable energy by 2030.
• Supports India's Climate Goals: Contributes to India’s commitment to the Paris Agreement and COP 26 by achieving substantial renewable energy capacity.

Key Initiatives Related to GEC:

• One Sun, One World, One Grid (OSOWOG): An international initiative launched at COP 26 to connect global renewable energy resources.

• National Solar Mission, Solar Park Scheme, National Wind-Solar Hybrid Policy, and ISA: Promoting renewable energy development in India.
• PM-KUSUM, Atal Jyoti Yojana, and Surya Mitra Skill Development Programme: Complementary schemes supporting renewable energy expansion.

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