Sentinelese

இந்தக் கட்டுரையினை தமிழில் படிப்பதற்கு இங்கே சொடுக்கவும்

Why in news?

• An American has recently been killed by Sentinelese - an endangered tribe in India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Who are Sentinelese?

• Sentinelese, also known as the Sentineli and the North Sentinel Islanders, are an indigenous people.
• They inhabit North Sentinel Island, located in the Bay of Bengal in the Indian sub-continent.

• The Sentinelese are known to be the last pre-Neolithic tribe in this world.
• They have made little to no advancement in the past 60,000 years and still live very primitive lives.
• They rely on forest produce and sea resources for survival.

• The population is less than 150 and as low as 40.

Tribes of Andaman

• Out of the six major tribes of Andaman, four tribal communities are part of Negrito namely,
  • Great Andamanese
  • Jarawa
  • Onge
  • Sentinelese
• In the Mangoloid category, there are only two tribal communities
  • Shompen
  • Nicobarese

Particularly vulnerable tribal group (PVTG)

• Particularly vulnerable tribal group (PVTG) is a government of India classification created with the purpose of enabling improvement in the conditions of certain communities with particularly low development indices.
• The Dhebar Commission (1960-1961) stated that within Scheduled Tribes there existed an inequality in the rate of development.
• During the fourth Five Year Plan a sub-category was created within the Scheduled Tribes to identify groups that considered to be at a lower level of development.
• They were called as "primitive tribal group".
• In 2006 the government of India renamed "Primitive tribal group" as Particularly vulnerable tribal group".
• Ministry of Home Affairs have categorized 75 tribal groups as Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs),
• There are 5 PVTGs in Andaman & Nicobar Island
  • Great Andamanese
  • Jarawas
  • Onges
  • Sentinelese
  • Shompen
• There are 6 PVTG in Tamilnadu.
  • Irular
  • Kattu Nayakan
  • Korumba
  • Kota
  • Paniyan
  • Toda

How are Sentinelese protected?

• Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Protection of Aboriginal Tribes) Regulation, 1956 declared the traditional areas occupied by the tribes as reserves.
• It prohibited entry of all persons except those with authorization.
• Photographing or filming the tribe members is also an offence.
• Restricted Area Permit (RAP) regime was notified under the Foreigners (Restricted Areas) Order, 1963.
• Foreign nationals are not normally allowed to visit the protected or restricted area unless the Government is satisfied that there are extra-ordinary reasons to justify their visit.
• Citizens of Afghanistan, China and Pakistan and foreign nationals of Pakistani origin are exceptions and are not allowed to enter such areas.
• The government recently excludes 29 islands from the RAP regime.

Why are they protected?

• The tribe’s extreme isolation makes them very vulnerable to diseases to which they have no immunity.
• No immunity to even common illnesses such as flu and measles.

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