TNPSC Thervupettagam
December 15 , 2018 2170 days 3407 0

இந்தக் கட்டுரையினை தமிழில் படிப்பதற்கு இங்கே சொடுக்கவும்

Why in news?
  • An American has recently been killed by Sentinelese - an endangered tribe in India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Who are Sentinelese?
  • Sentinelese, also known as the Sentineli and the North Sentinel Islanders, are an indigenous people.
  • They inhabit North Sentinel Island, located in the Bay of Bengal in the Indian sub-continent.

  • The Sentinelese are known to be the last pre-Neolithic tribe in this world.
  • They have made little to no advancement in the past 60,000 years and still live very primitive lives.
  • They rely on forest produce and sea resources for survival.

  • The population is less than 150 and as low as 40.
Tribes of Andaman
  • Out of the six major tribes of Andaman, four tribal communities are part of Negrito namely,
    • Great Andamanese
    • Jarawa
    • Onge
    • Sentinelese
  • In the Mangoloid category, there are only two tribal communities
    • Shompen
    • Nicobarese

 

Particularly vulnerable tribal group (PVTG)
  • Particularly vulnerable tribal group (PVTG) is a government of India classification created with the purpose of enabling improvement in the conditions of certain communities with particularly low development indices.
  • The Dhebar Commission (1960-1961) stated that within Scheduled Tribes there existed an inequality in the rate of development.
  • During the fourth Five Year Plan a sub-category was created within the Scheduled Tribes to identify groups that considered to be at a lower level of development.
  • They were called as "primitive tribal group".
  • In 2006 the government of India renamed "Primitive tribal group" as Particularly vulnerable tribal group".
  • Ministry of Home Affairs have categorized 75 tribal groups as Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs),
  • There are 5 PVTGs in Andaman & Nicobar Island
    • Great Andamanese
    • Jarawas
    • Onges
    • Sentinelese
    • Shompen
  • There are 6 PVTG in Tamilnadu.
    • Irular
    • Kattu Nayakan
    • Korumba
    • Kota
    • Paniyan
    • Toda
How are Sentinelese protected?
  • Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Protection of Aboriginal Tribes) Regulation, 1956 declared the traditional areas occupied by the tribes as reserves.
  • It prohibited entry of all persons except those with authorization.
  • Photographing or filming the tribe members is also an offence.
  • Restricted Area Permit (RAP) regime was notified under the Foreigners (Restricted Areas) Order, 1963.
  • Foreign nationals are not normally allowed to visit the protected or restricted area unless the Government is satisfied that there are extra-ordinary reasons to justify their visit.
  • Citizens of Afghanistan, China and Pakistan and foreign nationals of Pakistani origin are exceptions and are not allowed to enter such areas.
  • The government recently excludes 29 islands from the RAP regime.
Why are they protected?
  • The tribe’s extreme isolation makes them very vulnerable to diseases to which they have no immunity.
  • No immunity to even common illnesses such as flu and measles.

- - - - - - - - - -

Leave a Reply

Your Comment is awaiting moderation.

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Categories