Seven states or provinces spew more than 1 billion metric tons of greenhouse gases, all of them in China, except Texas.
The Earth's total carbon dioxide and methane pollution grew 0.7% to 61.2 billion metric tons with the short-lived but extra potent methane rising 0.2%.
Shanghai's 256 million metric tons of greenhouse gases led all the cities and exceeded those from the nations of Colombia or Norway.
China, India, Iran, Indonesia and Russia had the biggest increases in emissions from 2022 to 2023.
Venezuela, Japan, Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States had the biggest decreases in pollution.