The Researchers have uncovered the Neo Tethys oceanic plate, which once lay beneath the Arabian and Eurasian continents, is fracturing horizontally.
This immense structural shift is taking place beneath the Zagros Mountains.
It is a sprawling range that extends across southeast Turkey, northwest Iran, and the Kurdistan region of Iraq.
For millions of years now, the Arabian and Eurasian plates have been colliding, which has pushed the oceanic plate downward into the Earth’s mantle.
As the process continued, the descending oceanic plate functions like an anchor, dragging down the Earth's crust and forming a vast depression that has been accumulated millions of years' worth of sediment.
The Arabian and Eurasian plates are colliding, pushing up the Zagros Mountains and creating the Mesopotamian plains as eroded sediments build up over time.