The United Nations’ efforts to address critical environmental challenges have hit multiple roadblocks last year, with four key summits failing to deliver meaningful outcomes.
They are - in Colombia on biodiversity, Azerbaijan on climate, Saudi Arabia on land degradation, and South Korea on plastics.
The Colombia talks on biodiversity conservation faltered as countries failed to agree on financing mechanisms to support sustainable land-use practices.
In Azerbaijan, countries were divided over the pledge to transition away from fossil fuels, a decision made during the last UN climate summit.
In Saudi Arabia, the industrialised nations clashed with African countries over the establishment of a legally binding drought protocol.
The plastic pollution talks in South Korea also brought to the fore a significant divide among participating nations.