Performance of Tamil Nadu in SDG index 2023 - 24

Performance of Tamil Nadu in SDG index 2023 - 24

(இதன் தமிழ் வடிவத்திற்கு இங்கே சொடுக்கவும்)

Introduction

• Tamil Nadu has emerged as a frontrunner in this index, reflecting the state’s dedicated efforts and comprehensive policies aimed at sustainable development.

Tamil Nadu’s Composite Score

• The composite score for Tamil Nadu has increased to 78 in the latest edition.
• This represents a remarkable rise from 66 in 2018.

• This upward trajectory places the state among the top performers across the nation, underscoring its commitment to social equity, economic growth, and environmental sustainability.

Key Highlights of Progress

Goal 1 Index Score

• Overview
• The SDG Index Score for Goal 1 (No Poverty) ranges between 39 and 92 for States, and 58 to 89 for UTs.

Top Performers

• States: Tamil Nadu (highest among states) and Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu (highest among UTs).

• Front Runners: 21 States and 5 UTs fall into this category (scores between 65 and 100, excluding 100).
• Aspirants: Two States scored less than 50, indicating areas needing improvement.

Good Health and Well-being (Goal 3)

• The state’s health initiatives have shown substantial results, with a reported institutional delivery rate of 97.18% in 2023-24.
• This achievement is attributed to enhanced healthcare infrastructure.
• Community health programs also play a crucial role by prioritizing maternal and child health.
• These initiatives ensure that all citizens have access to quality healthcare.

Decent Work and Economic Growth (Goal 8)

• Tamil Nadu has sustained its leadership in trade and industrial sectors.
• The state has implemented effective policies that enhance economic opportunities and promote sustainable livelihoods.

• Various skill development programs have been initiated, fostering entrepreneurship, and supporting job creation.

Goal 13 Index Score (Climate Action)

Overview

• SDG Index Score for Goal 13 ranges from 30 to 81 for States and 13 to 80 for UTs.

Top Performers

• States: Sikkim and Tamil Nadu.
• UT: Chandigarh.

Categories

• Front Runners: 13 States and 2 UTs with scores between 65 and 100 (excluding 100).
• Aspirants: Four States and five UTs scored less than 50.

Life on Land (Goal 15)

• Tamil Nadu has prioritized environmental sustainability, with nearly 25% of its geographical area designated as forest cover.

• This initiative contributes not only to biodiversity conservation but also plays a vital role in combating climate change through carbon sequestration and promoting ecological balance.

Government Initiatives Driving Change

• The Tamil Nadu government has rolled out several flagship initiatives aimed at accelerating progress on the SDGs, including:
• PMAY (Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana): Targeting the construction of 4 million affordable housing units to ensure shelter for all citizens.

• Ayushman Bharat - PMJAY: Providing health insurance to over 300 million beneficiaries, enhancing access to essential health services.

• Swachh Bharat Abhiyan: Facilitating the construction of 11 million toilets, thereby improving sanitation and hygiene across urban and rural areas.

State's Performance and Future Commitments

• The SDG India Index 2023-24 reports Tamil Nadu as one of the 32 states and union territories achieving frontrunner status.
• This success reflects the state’s integrated approach towards sustainable development, fostering collaborative efforts across various sectors.

CSR Funding and Vulnerable Communities

• Challenges in CSR Funding
• Incentivizing CSR funding for the most vulnerable communities remains difficult.
• Despite an increase in CSR activities financed by India's private sector, the majority of funds are concentrated in states with significant private sector activities.

Top States for CSR Spending

• 1. Maharashtra: INR 23,947 crores
• 2. Karnataka: INR 8,993 crores
• 3. Gujarat: INR 7,809 crores
• 4. Tamil Nadu: INR 6,876 crores

SDG Performance in India

• SDG India Index 2023-24 Overview

• State scores range from 57 to 79; Union Territories (UTs) range from 65 to 77.
• Improvement noted compared to 2020-21 scores (States: 52 to 75; UTs: 62 to 79).

Top Performers

• States: Uttarakhand and Kerala lead with scores of 79.
• UTs: Chandigarh ranks highest with a score of 77.
• Other Notable States: Tamil Nadu (3rd), Goa, Himachal Pradesh.

• Maternity Benefits
• PMMVY Coverage
• As of 2023–2024, 46.29% of enrolled beneficiaries received social protection benefits under the Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY).

• Full Coverage Target: Efforts are ongoing to achieve complete coverage.

Top Achieving States and UTs

• States: Tamil Nadu and Punjab have reached 100% target.
• UTs: Ladakh and Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu have also achieved full coverage.

Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR)

Current Status

• India’s MMR stands at 97 per 100,000 live births.
• The national target is set at 70 maternal mortalities per 100,000 live births by 2030.
• States Achieving the National Target Eight states have reached the target, with their respective MMR:
• 1.         Kerala: 19
• 2.         Maharashtra: 33
• 3.         Telangana: 43
• 4.         Andhra Pradesh: 45
• 5.         Tamil Nadu: 54
• 6.         Jharkhand: 56
• 7.         Gujarat: 57
• 8.         Karnataka: 69

Deaths Due to Road Accidents

• National Overview
• In 2022, the death rate due to road traffic accidents was 12 persons per 100,000 population.

State Statistics

• Highest Rate: Tamil Nadu with 23 deaths per 100,000.
• Lowest Rate: Nagaland with 1 death per 100,000.

States and UTs Achieving the Target

• States: Meghalaya (5), Manipur (4), Nagaland (1).
• UTs: Andaman and Nicobar Islands (5), Lakshadweep (3).

Enrolment Ratio in Higher Education

• National Overview
• Overall enrolment: 28.4 percent of students aged 18–23 years are enrolled in higher education.

Top Performers

• Tamil Nadu: 47 percent enrolment.
• Chandigarh: 64.8 percent among UTs (highest overall).
• Lowest Enrolment: Assam with 16.9 percent.

Trained Teachers

• National Overview
• Approximately 92.2 percent of teachers in secondary schools are trained.

Top States

• Tamil Nadu: 99.9 percent of teachers are trained (highest).
• Chandigarh: 99.1 percent among UTs.

Lowest Trained Teachers

• Meghalaya: 62 percent.

Infrastructure in Schools

• Current Status
• In 2021–2022, 88.65 percent of schools had access to basic infrastructure (electricity and drinking water).

Top Achievers

• Tamil Nadu and Goa: 100 percent access to infrastructure.

Lowest Performance

• Meghalaya: Only 20.5 percent of schools have access to both electricity and drinking water.
• UTs Achieving the Target
• Chandigarh, Delhi, Puducherry, Lakshadweep, and Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu have achieved the national target.

Groundwater Extraction

• Current Status
• Overall Extraction: In India, 59.26 percent of groundwater is extracted.
• This figure falls within the national target of 70 percent, which is deemed ‘safe’ by the Ministry of Jal Shakti.

Top Performer

• Arunachal Pradesh: 0.42 percent extraction.

States/UTs Exceeding Permissible Limits

• States with extraction above permissible limits include:
• Punjab: Worst performer at 163.76 percent extraction.
• Others: Haryana, Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Chandigarh, Delhi, Puducherry, and Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu.

Best Performing UT

• Andaman and Nicobar Islands: 1.37 percent extraction.

Women Account Holders under PMJDY

• National Overview
• As of March 2024, approximately 55.63 percent of account holders under the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) are women.

State Statistics

• Tamil Nadu: 58.59 percent of PMJDY account holders are women.
• Goa: Lowest share at 44.15 percent.

UT Statistics

• Puducherry: Highest percentage of women account holders at 56.68 percent.
• Delhi: Lowest at 37.07 percent.

Mangrove Coverage

• Current Status
• As per the India State of Forest Report 2021, there has been a 0.34 percent increase in mangrove-covered forest area in India.

Top Performer

• Karnataka: Highest increase at 30 percent.

States with No Increase

• Tamil Nadu and Kerala: Reported no increase in mangrove area.

Future Focus

• The Tamil Nadu government is committed to deepening its partnership with NITI Aayog in the localization and implementation of SDGs.
• The aim is to create a holistic framework that aligns developmental goals with community needs.
• This commitment is geared towards paving the way for a prosperous and sustainable Tamil Nadu by 2047.

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