SDG Goal wise programs of India – Part 11

SDG Goal wise programs of India – Part 11

(இதன் தமிழ் வடிவத்திற்கு இங்கே சொடுக்கவும்)

Mission Indradhanush (IMI) 5.0

Launch Year:

• October 18, 2023.

Ministry or Nodal Agency:

• Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.

Objectives:

• To enhance immunization coverage for vaccines provided under the Universal Immunization Programme (UIP), which includes vaccines for diseases like Diphtheria, Tetanus, Polio, Measles, Rubella, etc.
• To ensure that routine immunization services reach children up to 5 years of age and pregnant women.

• Special focus on eliminating Measles and Rubella by 2023 by improving vaccination coverage for these diseases.
• To ensure that no child or pregnant woman misses out on essential vaccines, particularly in hard-to-reach areas.
• To leverage the U-WIN digital platform to track and monitor immunization services.

Beneficiaries:

• Children up to 5 years of age (extended from previous campaigns targeting children up to 2 years of age).
• Pregnant women across all districts in India.

Eligibility Criteria:

• All children up to 5 years of age.
• Pregnant women who have missed routine immunizations.

Benefits:

• Improved Immunization Coverage: Increased vaccination rates for children and pregnant women, particularly in marginalized and hard-to-reach areas.

• Reduced Disease Burden: Reduction in morbidity and mortality due to vaccine-preventable diseases.
• Cost-Effective Public Health Strategy: Immunization is one of the most cost-effective interventions in public health.
• Support for Health Goals: Contributes to global Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 3 on Good Health and Well-being, SDG 10 on Reduced Inequalities).

Additional Information:

• The campaign has concluded in most states/UTs, with a few exceptions (Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and Punjab), where the third round is planned to finish in November 2023.
• Over 5 crore children and 1.25 crore pregnant women have been vaccinated in the previous phases of Mission Indradhanush.

• The IMI 5.0 campaign uses innovative methods such as social media influencers and local representatives (Janpratinidhi) to increase awareness and participation.
• The use of the U-WIN platform allows real-time tracking of immunization data to ensure better coordination and outcomes.

Intensified Mission Indradhanush (IMI) Phases:

• IMI 1.0: Launched in 2017, focused on vaccinating children and pregnant women missed in routine immunization.

• IMI 2.0: Launched in 2019, targeting children under 2 years and pregnant women in areas with low immunization rates.

• IMI 3.0: Launched in 2021, focusing on coverage to reduce the gaps caused by COVID-19 disruptions.
• IMI 4.0: Launched in 2022, aimed at further increasing coverage across all districts.

Universal Immunization Programme (UIP):

• Launch: In 1978 (as Expanded Immunization Program), renamed as UIP in 1985.
• Vaccines Offered: UIP covers 12 vaccine-preventable diseases, including Polio, Measles, Rubella, Hepatitis B, and more.
• Goal: To provide free immunization to children and pregnant women and achieve full immunization coverage.
• Major Milestone: India’s certification as Polio-free by the WHO in 2014.

Status of Immunization in India:

• Progress: Full immunization coverage among children aged 12-23 months increased from 62% (NFHS-4) to 74% (NFHS-5).
• Measles & Rubella Vaccination: Coverage increased from 81% to 88% between NFHS-4 and NFHS-5.
• New Vaccines: Introduction of Rotavirus, PCV, and IPV under UIP.

Saksham Anganwadi and Poshan 2.0

Launched:

• In FY 2021-22, approved by the Government of India for the period of 15th Finance Commission (2021-22 to 2025-26).

Ministry or Nodal Agency:

• Ministry of Women and Child Development (MWCD) is the primary ministry responsible for implementing the scheme.
• Ministry of AYUSH provides technical support for the integration of wellness practices such as yoga.

Objectives:

• Human Capital Development: Contribute to the development of the human capital by addressing malnutrition.
• Addressing Malnutrition: Focus on tackling malnutrition among children, adolescent girls, pregnant women, and lactating mothers.

• Nutrition Awareness: Promote good eating habits and sustainable health through nutrition awareness.
• Nutrition-Related Deficiencies: To address the nutrition-related deficiencies through key strategies.
• Integration of AYUSH: Use AYUSH systems to promote wellness and nourishment.
• Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Contribute to SDGs, particularly SDG 2 (Zero Hunger), Goal 03 (Good health and well-being) and SDG 4 (Quality Education).

Beneficiaries:

• Children: 6 months to 6 years.
• Pregnant Women and Lactating Mothers (PWLM).
• Adolescent Girls: 14 to 18 years, particularly in Aspirational Districts and North Eastern Region (NER).

Eligibility Criteria:

• General Eligibility: All beneficiaries must be registered at the nearest Anganwadi Centre with Aadhaar identification.
• Adolescent Girls: Identified by states for the target group (14-18 years), particularly in Aspirational Districts and NER.

Benefits:

• Supplementary Nutrition Programme (SNP): Nutritional support for children (6 months to 6 years), pregnant women, lactating mothers, and adolescent girls.
• Early Childhood Care and Education: Age-appropriate education for children (3-6 years) and early stimulation for children (0-3 years).

• Infrastructure: Upgrading Anganwadi Centres (AWCs) with modern facilities, such as internet connectivity, water purifiers, and smart learning aids.
• Poshan Abhiyaan: A key component for spreading nutrition awareness through community-based events, mass communication, and information dissemination.
• Incentives for Kuposhan Mukt Villages: Villages achieving the zero malnutrition will be incentivized.

Additional Information:

• Funding Pattern: The cost-sharing ratio between the Centre and States/UTs is 60:40, with special funding provisions for the North Eastern and Himalayan regions.
• Community-Based Events (CBEs): Poshan Abhiyaan organizes the events like Poshan Maah (September) and Poshan Pakhwada (March) for large-scale community involvement.

• IT Integration: The introduction of the ‘Poshan Tracker’ for the real-time monitoring and integration with the RCH Portal (Anmol) for better data tracking.
• Smartphone IT Procurement: Empowering frontline workers (Anganwadi workers) with smartphones for better service delivery.

Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan (PMSMA)

Launched:

• June 9, 2016.

Ministry or Nodal Agency:

• Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India.
• The Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan aims to reduce maternal mortality and ensure that every pregnant woman receives adequate and timely healthcare during her pregnancy, leading to better health outcomes for both the mother and the baby.

Objectives:

• To provide assured, comprehensive, and quality ante natal care (ANC) to all pregnant women in their 2nd/3rd trimesters, free of cost.
• Ensure at least one antenatal checkup by a physician or specialist during the second or third trimester.
• Improve the quality of care by offering diagnostic services, screening for clinical conditions, and appropriate management of existing conditions like anemia, pregnancy-induced hypertension, and gestational diabetes.

• Focus on early detection of high-risk pregnancies and manage them with timely interventions.
• Encourage private sector participation for providing services, especially in areas where government resources are limited.
• Reach out to pregnant women who missed their previous ANC visits or have unregistered pregnancies.

Beneficiaries:

• Pregnant women in their 2nd and 3rd trimesters across India.
• Special focus on high-risk pregnancies, women who missed ANC visits, and women who have not registered for ANC.

Eligibility Criteria:

• Any pregnant woman in her 2nd or 3rd trimester is eligible to access services.
• The program targets women in both rural and urban areas.

Benefits:

• Comprehensive antenatal care services, including diagnostic tests like ultrasound, blood tests, and other necessary investigations.
• Access to medications like Iron-Folic Acid (IFA) tablets and calcium supplements.
• Counseling sessions focusing on maternal health, nutrition, danger signs, institutional delivery, and post-partum family planning.
• Identification and follow-up of high-risk pregnancies.
• Issuance of Mother and Child Protection (MCP) cards with color-coded stickers indicating the health status of the pregnancy.
• The program also provides free counseling on safe motherhood practices, institutional deliveries, and family planning options.

Additional Information:

• The PMSMA is conducted on the 9th of every month at designated public health facilities, such as PHCs, CHCs, district hospitals, and urban health centers.

• The initiative includes collaboration with private healthcare providers, who may volunteer to offer services at public health centers.
• A digital platform, e-PMSMA, tracks high-risk pregnancies, ensuring continuous follow-up up to 45 days after delivery.

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