TNPSC Thervupettagam

SDG Goal wise programs of India – Part 02

November 13 , 2024 11 days 225 0

SDG Goal wise programs of India – Part 02

(இதன் தமிழ் வடிவத்திற்கு இங்கே சொடுக்கவும்)

Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana - National Urban Livelihood Mission (DAY-NULM)

Launched:

  • September 23, 2013.

Ministry or Nodal Agency:

  • Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India.

Mission and Objectives

  • The National Urban Livelihood Mission (NULM), also known as Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Urban Livelihood Mission (DAY-NULM), is a mission-oriented initiative launched by the Government of India to reduce poverty and vulnerability among urban poor households.

  • The mission's primary focus is to provide self-employment and skilled-wage employment opportunities, enhancing the livelihoods of the urban poor.

Its key objectives include:

  • Empowering the Urban Poor: The mission aims to improve the livelihoods of urban poor, especially those in vulnerable and marginalized groups, by providing skill development, self-employment opportunities, and access to stable income sources.
  • Support for Street Vendors: It addresses the livelihood challenges of urban street vendors, ensuring they have access to suitable vending spaces, institutional finance, and social security benefits.
  • Social Security: Ensuring access to housing, healthcare, and education for the urban poor.
  • Creating Economic Inclusion: Providing opportunities for the urban poor to engage in the mainstream economy through skill development and entrepreneurship.

Target Beneficiaries

  • Homeless Individuals: People living on the streets without permanent shelters.
  • Street Vendors: Informal workers selling goods and services in public spaces.
  • Urban Poor: Low-income households in cities and towns who need support in improving their economic status.

Eligibility Criteria

The target groups for the mission include:

  • Homeless Individuals: People without permanent housing in urban areas.
  • Street Vendors: Informal sellers who rely on the streets for their livelihoods.
  • Urban Poor Households: People living in urban areas, primarily from disadvantaged groups, including SCs, STs, women, minorities, and persons with disabilities.

Key Features and Benefits

Financial Support:

  • Self-Help Groups (SHGs): Urban poor SHGs can access low-interest loans (7% annually), with an additional 3% interest subvention for women-led groups, reducing the effective rate to 4%.

  • Self-Employment Support: Individuals and groups wishing to start micro-enterprises can access loans of up to 2 lakh (for individual ventures) or 10 lakh (for group ventures).
  • Assistance for Street Vendors: Financial assistance for establishing vending zones, credit access, skills training, and micro-enterprise development.

Non-Financial Support:

  • Street Vendors: Development of vending zones with essential infrastructure (water supply, roads, lighting, waste disposal) to improve the working conditions for vendors.
  • Shelter for Urban Homeless: Assistance to Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) for constructing, operating, and managing permanent shelters equipped with essential services for homeless individuals.

  • Skill Development: Extensive training programs to enhance employability or help start new businesses.

Sub-Schemes under DAY-NULM

  • Innovative and Special Projects (ISP): Encourages new approaches to livelihood creation, with up to 5% of total Central Funds allocated for special projects.
  • Self-Employment Programme (SEP): Provides financial assistance for self-employment and micro-enterprise development, with loans offered to individuals and SHGs.

  • Support for Urban Street Vendors (SUSV): Aims to improve the working conditions of street vendors by offering financial support, training, and developing suitable vending spaces.
  • Capacity Building and Training (CBT): Provides training to individuals and agencies involved in urban poverty alleviation to enhance their skills and ability to implement poverty-reduction strategies.
  • Social Mobilization and Institution Development (SM&ID): Focuses on empowering the urban poor through the formation of SHGs and federations to improve their access to financial and social services.
  • Shelter for Urban Homeless (SUH): Ensures that urban homeless individuals have access to shelters equipped with basic services.
  • Employment through Skills Training and Placement (EST&P): Provides training for skill development, helping individuals secure better job opportunities or set up their own businesses.

Benefits of NULM (DAY-NULM)

Financial Benefits:

  • Low-Interest Loans: Loans with interest rates as low as 4-7% for SHGs and micro-enterprises.
  • Support for Street Vendors: Access to credit, skills, and market development support for vendors.
  • Self-Employment Loans: Assistance for urban poor to start their own businesses or micro-enterprises.

Non-Financial Benefits:

  • Infrastructure Development for Street Vendors: Provision of designated vending zones with proper infrastructure.
  • Shelter for the Homeless: Permanent shelters with essential services.
  • Skill Development: Capacity building for better employment and entrepreneurial opportunities.

Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)

Launched:

  • Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) was announced on 15th August 2014 and launched on 28th August 2014.

Ministry or Nodal Agency:

  • The Ministry of Finance, Government of India is the nodal agency for the implementation of the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana.

Objectives:

  • To provide access to financial products & services at an affordable cost.
  • To use technology to lower costs and extend the reach of financial services.

  • To promote financial inclusion by opening bank accounts for the unbanked population.

Beneficiaries:

  • The primary beneficiaries of PMJDY are individuals from economically weaker sections, particularly those who do not have access to formal banking services.
  • Persons without any existing bank accounts are eligible to open a basic savings account under PMJDY.

Eligibility Criteria:

  • The scheme is available to any individual who does not have a bank account.
  • It is open to all Indian citizens, including those from rural and remote areas.

Benefits:

  • No Minimum Balance Requirement: No need to maintain a minimum balance in the PMJDY accounts.
  • Free Rupay Debit Card: A free RuPay debit card is provided to all account holders.

Accident Insurance Cover:

  • Rs. 1 lakh accident insurance cover for existing accounts.
  • Rs. 2 lakh accident insurance cover for new accounts opened after 28th August 2018.

Overdraft Facility:

  • An overdraft (OD) facility of up to Rs. 10,000 is available to eligible account holders.

DBT Benefits:

  • PMJDY accounts are eligible to receive Direct Benefit Transfers (DBT), which include subsidies, welfare payments, and more.

Additional Information:

  • PMJDY accounts can be opened at any bank branch or Business Correspondent (Bank Mitra) outlet.

  • Interest is earned on the balance in the PMJDY accounts.
  • There is no mandatory cheque book facility, but some banks may issue cheque books at their discretion.
  • The scheme continues to evolve with the goal of achieving full financial inclusion in the country.

Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY)  

Launched:

  • May 9, 2015.

Ministry or Nodal Agency:

  • Ministry of Finance, Government of India.
  • Implementing Agency: Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) and other participating private insurance companies.

Objectives:

  • To provide life insurance coverage to the poor and vulnerable sections of society.
  • To offer affordable life insurance coverage for people aged 18-50 years.
  • To ensure financial assistance for families in case of an insured person’s death until an alternative source of income is generated.

  • To increase the life insurance penetration in India, as only 20% of the population had insurance coverage as of May 2015.

Beneficiaries:

  • The scheme is designed primarily for individuals in the low-income and vulnerable sections of society, including:
  • People aged between 18 and 50 years.
  • Those who have a savings bank account with a participating bank.
  • Those who opt for auto-debit of premiums from their bank accounts.

Eligibility Criteria:

  • Age Limit: 18 to 50 years.
  • Bank Account: Must have a savings account with any participating bank.
  • Health Criteria: Must be in good health and free from critical illnesses as certified at the time of enrollment.

  • Aadhar Linkage: It is mandatory for the beneficiary to link their Aadhar card to their bank account for enrollment.
  • Consent for Auto-Debit: The subscriber must give consent for auto-debit for premium payment.
  • Enrollment Period: Initially, people could enroll from August-November 2015.
  • Enrollment is allowed every year during a specific period (from June 1 to May 31) and must be renewed annually to continue coverage.

Benefits:

  • Coverage Amount: In case of death of the insured person, the nominee will receive a lump sum amount of Rs. 2 lakhs.
  • Premium: The premium is Rs. 330 annually (subject to minor variations for some providers).
  • It is auto debited from the savings account.
  • Renewability: The coverage is renewed annually, and the subscriber must pay the premium before May 31 for the subsequent year.
  • Tax Benefit: Premium paid under PMJJBY qualifies for a tax deduction under Section 80C of the Income Tax Act, 1961.
  • No Medical Check-Up Required: There is no requirement for medical examination or health check-up to enroll in the scheme.
  • Death Coverage: Provides life coverage for one year from June 1 to May 31.
  • If the insured person dies during this period, the Rs. 2 lakh benefit is provided to the nominee.
  • Transferable: The policy can be transferred to another bank or post office if the policyholder changes their bank or location.

Additional Information:

  • Simple Enrollment Process: Individuals can enroll through any participating bank’s website or mobile app.
  • No Maturity Benefits: Since it is a pure term insurance plan, there are no maturity benefits, and it only covers death risk.

  • Auto-Debit Facility: The premium is deducted annually via auto-debit from the policyholder’s savings account, making it hassle-free.
  • Easy Claims: In case of death, the nominee must submit documents like the death certificate, policy document, and KYC documents to claim the death benefit.
  • Risk Coverage: The coverage amount is paid out in case of death due to any reason, including natural or accidental death.
  • Investment of Premiums: The premiums collected under PMJJBY are invested in government securities to ensure safety and security of the funds.

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