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Aditya Mission
November 27 , 2017
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- ISRO is planning to launch Aditya-L1, India’s maiden mission to the Sun, in 2019.
- It is the first Indian mission to study the Sun.
- It is expected to be launched in 2019 by the launch vehicle PSLV-XL with six payloads from Sriharikota.
- The main aim of the solar mission is to do coronal and near UV studies.
- It will be launched into the halo orbit around the Lagrangian point 1 (L1) of the Sun-Earth system.
- This orbit has the advantage of allowing continuous monitoring of the sun.
- A Lagrange point is a location in space where the combined gravitational forces of two large bodies, such as Earth and the sun or Earth and the moon, equal the centrifugal force felt by a much smaller third body.
- The interaction of the forces creates a point of equilibrium where a spacecraft may be "parked" to make observations.
- The first point, L1, lies between Earth and the sun and gets an uninterrupted view of the sun and free from the occurrence of eclipses.
- L2 with the Earth, moon and sun behind it, a spacecraft can get a clear view of deep space and it has a protection for radiation field from sun.
- The James Webb Space Telescope will move into L2 point in 2018.
- The third Lagrange point, L3, lies behind the sun, opposite Earth's orbit. For now, science has not found a use for this spot.
- Points L4 and L5 are stable and lie along Earth's orbit at 60 degrees ahead of and behind Earth and dust and asteroids tend to accumulate in these regions due to its stability.
- Asteroids that surround the L4 and L5 points are called Trojans and Earth’s only known Trojan asteroid, 2010 TK7 is found in the region
- Earlier, the NASA-ESA mission SOHO was launched in 1995, and while it made many discoveries, its coronagraph, meant to image the sun, broke down shortly after the mission commenced.
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