The Hayabusa2 spacecraft spent a year and a half gathering rock samples from the asteroid Ryugu.
Organic compounds essential for life have been discovered these samples.
The compounds discovered include niacin, which is also known as vitamin B3, and uracil.
It is one of the four nucleobases (nitrogen-containing compounds), that make up RNA.
These molecules contain the instructions of how to build living organisms.
Hayabusa2 was launched in December 2014 by the Japanese space agency JAXA.
It reached its target, the space rock Ryugu, in June 2018, stayed for a year and a half to gather samples, and returned them to Earth in December 2020.