The year 2023 shattered the record for the warmest summer in the Arctic.
Temperatures in the Arctic have been rising more than three times faster than the global average.
Greenland’s ice sheet summit recorded melting in late June, only its fifth melting event on record.
Sea surface temperatures in the Barents, Kara, Laptev and Beaufort seas were 9 to 12 degrees Fahrenheit (5 to 7 degrees Celsius) above normal in August.
Snow accumulation during the winter of 2022-23 was above average across much the Arctic.
Shifts in wind patterns and increasingly intense ocean storms.
Yukon River Chinook have decreased in size by about 6% since the 1970s.