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CRISPR
October 31 , 2017
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- For the first time, scientists in the US have successfully used gene-editing tools on human embryos to correct defective DNA that cause inherited diseases.
- The effort involved changing the DNA of a large number of one-cell embryos with gene-editing technique CRISPR.
- CRISPR stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats.
- CRISPR - Cas9 is a most prominent genome editing technique by targeting specific stretches of genetic code to edit DNA at precise locations.
- CRISPR is a collection of DNA sequences that direct Cas9 where to cut and paste. Cas9 is an enzyme that can edit DNA, allowing the alteration of genetic patterns by genome modification.
- The technique allows researchers to permanently modify genes in living cells and organisms and to correct mutations at precise locations in the human genome to treat genetic causes of disease.
- It can be used to target multiple genes simultaneously and can also activate gene expression instead of cutting the DNA.
- CRISPR-Cas9 technology has the potential to revolutionise the treatment of blood diseases, tumours and other genetic diseases.
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