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National Education Policy (NEP) 2020
August 1 , 2020
1609 days
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The Union Cabinet has approved the National Education Policy 2020 to reform the higher education sector.
Background
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In May 2016, Committee for Evolution of the New Education Policy under the Chairmanship of TSR Subramanian, Former Cabinet Secretary, submitted its report.
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In June 2017, Committee for the Draft National Education Policy was constituted under the Chairmanship of Former ISRO chief Kasturirangan.
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The last Education policy was released in 1986 that is 34 years back.
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The first NPE was promulgated in 1968 by the government of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, the second by Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi in 1986, and the third by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2020.
Highlights
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The Union Ministry of Human Resource and Development (MHRD) has been renamed by Union Cabinet as the Ministry of Education.
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The Public spending on education by states and Centre is to be raised to 6% of the GDP as compared to 1.7% previously.
School education
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It proposes changing the existing 10+2 Curricular and Pedagogical Structure with 5+3+3+4 design covering the children in the age group 3-18 years.
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Five years of the Foundational Stage: 3 years of pre-primary school and Grades 1, 2;
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Three years of the Preparatory (or Latter Primary) Stage: Grades 3, 4, 5;
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Three years of the Middle (or Upper Primary) Stage: Grades 6, 7, 8;
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Four years of the High (or Secondary) Stage: Grades 9, 10, 11, 12.
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Universalise the pre-primary education (age range of 3-6 years) by 2025.
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Universalization of Education from pre-school to secondary level with 100% Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in school education by 2030.
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The mother tongue will be a medium of instruction till 5th grade.
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A new school curriculum with coding and vocational studies from class 6 will be introduced.
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A National Mission on Foundational Literacy and Numeracy will ensure basic skills at the class 3 level by 2025.
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Instead of exams being held every academic year, school students will only answer three exams, in Classes 3, 5 and 8.
Higher Education
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The merger of the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) and University Grants Commission.
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Four-year undergraduate degrees with multiple entry and exit options will be introduced.
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By 2030, the minimum degree qualification for teaching will be a four-year integrated B.Ed.
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M Phil is to be discontinued
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It also aims to double the Gross Enrolment Ratio in higher education, including vocational education, from 26.3% in 2018 to 50% by 2035.
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The National Testing Agency (NTA) will now be given the additional responsibility of conducting entrance examinations for admissions to universities across the country, in addition to the JEE Main and NEET.
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A Higher Education Council of India (HECI) will be set up to regulate higher education.
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It is a Single regulator for all higher education except medical and legal courses.
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