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Pulse Polio Program 2020
January 20 , 2020
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- The Pulse Polio Programme 2020 was launched by the President Ram Nath Kovind by administering Polio drops to children below the age of five.
- India has eradicated polio completely in 2012.
- In 2015, India was declared polio free.
- However, because of the surge of new polio cases in Afghanistan and Pakistan, the Government has decided to hold one more NID (National Immunization Day) in 2020.
- India’s last reported polio case was from Howrah, West Bengal in the year 2011.
- India completed a full 5 years as a “polio-free nation” on January 13, 2016.
- Vellore, (Tamil Nadu) became the first Indian town to become 100% polio-free through the pulse strategy, and the rest of India adopted this strategy in 1995.
- Tamil Nadu has been free from polio for the last 16 years.
IPV and OPV
- There are two types of vaccines that are being administered in the country.
- It includes IPV (Inactivated Polio Vaccine) and OPV (Oral Polio Vaccine).
- IPV is a wild-type poliovirus strain that is administered in combination of other vaccines.
- It includes Diptheria, pertussis, tetanus, haemophilus, hepatitis B and influenza.
- IPV is more effective than OPV.
- It increases intestinal immunity in children who have been already immunized with OPV.
- To prevent the virus from coming to India, the government has since March 2014 made the Oral Polio Vaccination (OPV) mandatory for those travelling between India and polio-affected countries, such as Afghanistan, Nigeria, Pakistan, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Syria and Cameroon.
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