A team of astronomers from the Indian Institute of Geomagnetism (IIG) have found the first evidence of the presence of solitary waves or distinct electric field fluctuations on Mars.
The study of these waves is crucial as they directly control particle energization, plasma loss, transport etc through wave particle interactions".
Earth has a magnetosphere around it which is basically a shield around a planet made of magnetic field.
Mars only has a weak magnetic field from its crustal magnetic sources.
This allows the solar winds to interact with the Martian atmosphere and create solitary flows.
Solitary waves are distinct electric field fluctuations (bipolar or monopolar) that follow constant amplitude-phase relations.