Scientists from National Brain Research Centre (NBRC) have successfully identified molecular and cellular mechanisms by which Zika virus causes microcephaly.
Babies born with microcephaly have significantly smaller head size compared with normal babies.
The researchers found envelop protein (E protein) of Zika virus, which is responsible for entry of virus into brain stem cells, was responsible for arresting proliferation of human foetal neural stem cells and also killing cells that were becoming neuron-like.
The study shows that neutralising E protein of Zika virus can help prevent or reduce its harmful effects in developing foetus.